http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/355 Geology Fri, 03 Apr 2026 19:54:45 GMT 2026-04-03T19:54:45Z http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/9368 Title: Repositioning Nigerian university system: perspective of an insider. Selected speeches of Professor Emeritus Ayo Banjo in commemoration of his 80th birthday Authors: Olayinka, A. I. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/9368 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/9243 Title: GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF LEAD IN SOILS, SEDIMENTS AND DUSTS OF IBADAN AND LAGOS, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA Authors: AFOLABI, O.O Abstract: The presence of Heavy Metals (HM) in soils, sediments and dusts are good indicators of contaminations of urban environment. Lead (Pb) is of grave concern amongst other HM because of its toxic impact on the environment and human health. Previous studies on HM have focused on the determination of concentrations and spatial distribution in various Nigerian cities. However, the geochemical fate and nature of Pb in Nigeria's environmental media is relatively unknown. This study was therefore designed to quantify and characterize Pb in soils, sediments and dusts from Ibadan and Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria. A total of seventy-three composite soils, 56 sediments, 17 road dusts and 10 representative rock samples were collected randomly from the cities of Ibadan and Lagos. Soil, sediment and dust samples were air-dried, screened, pulverised and sieved through 63µm nylon mesh. The sieved fractions and pulverised rock samples were digested using standard methods and analyzed for elemental components using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer, (ICP-MS). The chemical fractionations of Pb in the samples were determined by sequential analysis. Lead isotopes compositions of the samples were determined using quadrupole-based ICP-MS. Petrological and mineralogical analyses of rocks and other samples were determined using X-Ray Diffraction. The geochemical data were subjected to statistical analyses using Pearson correlation and R-mode factor analyses. Lead Isotopic Ratios (LIRs) and geo-accumulation indexes were used in evaluating and discriminating Pb sources. The concentration (ppm) of Pb in soils, sediments and dusts for Lagos were: 21.0-1963.0; 23.0-830.0 and 22.0-830.0; while in Ibadan soils and sediments were: 13.0 - 470.0 and 17.0-3288.0; respectively. For rock samples from Ibadan and Lagos, the values were: 2.9-20.3 and 2.8-7.2 ppm. Chemical fractionation (%) of Pb were: organic-sulphide (42.78-82.45); reducible (8.23-27.20); carbonate (9.00-43.60) and exchangeable (0.01-0.23) phases, respectively. Lead isotopes (ppm) showed that 204Pb ranged 1.72-47.41; 206Pb, 30.69-779.68; 207Pb, 27.00-664.46 and 208Pb, 65.67-1642.27 in Ibadan samples while that of Lagos were: 204Pb, 1.43 - 31.00; 206Pb, 25.26 - 509.74; 207Pb, 21.96-446.22 and 208Pb, 52.61-1089.93. Ibadan and Lagos rocks Pb isotopes (ppm) were: 204Pb, (0.02-0.07 and 0.03-0.06); 206Pb, (0.56-2.33 and 0.56-1.21); 207Pb, (0.38-1.56 and 0.47-1.01) and 208Pb, (1.19-4.13 and 1.22-2.57), respectively. Quartz, microcline, k-feldspar, plagioclase and kaolinite were the preponderant minerals in powdered rocks, soils and sediments. An enrichment of radiogenic Pb (206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb) were observed in soils, sediments and dusts relative to their local background values, an indication of anthropogenic origin of Pb. The plots (208Pb/207Pb)/(206Pb/207Pb) revealed that over 80% of Pb in the environmental media was derived from anthropogenic sources. The LIRs of soils, sediments and dusts were characterised by lower 208Pb/206Pb ratios while the bedrocks had higher 208Pb/206Pb. Lead contents of the soils, dusts and sediments in most parts of the two cities were significantly higher than the natural background levels and held in chemically active geochemical phases. The lead types are more of the radiogenic types and this portend great risk to the environment and public health. Description: A Thesis in the Department of Geology, Submitted to Faculty of Science in Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of the UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN Thu, 01 Mar 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/9243 2018-03-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/9017 Title: The future of Nigerian university system Authors: Olayinka, A. I. Abstract: The Nigerian University System (NUS) currently comprises a total of 264 Universities, 53 of which are owned by the Federal Government, 62 owned by the various State Governments while the remaining 149 are Privately owned. The total student population is in the region of Two Million and Five Hundred Thousand. In this lecture, we have examined the issue of access, quality, funding and governance as they affect the NUS. Interrogating data published by the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) over the period 2017 to 2023 we present quantitative, verifiable and objective assessment of addressing the question of equity in the adoption of Educationally-Less- Developed-States (ELDS) as a criterion for the selection of candidates for admission into undergraduate programmes in Nigerian Federal Universities. A trend analysis of contemporary events shows that the Nigerian University System will continue to grow, rather haphazardly and in an unplanned manner, in leaps and bounds especially in terms of student enrollment. Without a concomitant strengthening of leadership and governance, a substantial increase in funding for teaching and learning facilities, conduct of advanced research that is locally relevant and globally competitive (including but not limited to issues of food security, lagging economic development, climate change, reduction of carbon emission, natural resources degradation, insecurity), payment of decent wages to the knowledge workers amidst the continued exodus of the best and the brightest from the country, quality and relevance of the Universities in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development might suffer. A major feature of the Public Universities (Federal- and State-owned) which currently accounts for about 95% of the total student enrollment is incessant strikes by members of the various staff unions which has led to a cumulative loss of six years and three months in the last 32 years. Funding has been implicated as the root cause of these strikes. In order to be competitive there should be synergy between the Governments as university proprietors for a moratorium on these disruptive strikes. Conscious efforts should be made to internationalise in terms of student enrollment and the recruitment of academic staff. Some of the States on the current list of ELDS, in particular Kwara and Kogi, have posted excellent results and are now in the First Quartile justifying that they ought to be taken off the list. The same applies to Nasarawa which is in the Second Quartile. On the other hand, Lagos and the Federal Capital Territory are in the Fourth Quartile and if the ELDS is to be retained both should be included in the list. The National Council on Education should take a closer look at this recommendation with a view to implementing same. To the extent that the absence of a Governing Council hampers the proper functioning of a University and is an anathema to University Autonomy, it is our considered recommendation that the National Assembly should as a matter of urgent national importance amend the Universities (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act, 2003 in Section 2A as to provide that if the Council of a Federal University is dissolved, a new Council shall be constituted not later than three months. Tue, 02 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/9017 2024-04-02T00:00:00Z http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/9012 Title: The future of Nigerian university system Authors: Olayinka, A. I. Abstract: Abstract The Nigerian University System (NUS) currently comprises a total of 264 Universities, 53 of which are owned by the Federal Government, 62 owned by the various State Governments while the remaining 149 are Privately owned. The total student population is in the region of Two Million and Five Hundred Thousand. In this lecture, we have examined the issue of access, quality, funding and governance as they affect the NUS. Interrogating data published by the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) over the period 2017 to 2023 we present quantitative, verifiable and objective assessment of addressing the question of equity in the adoption of Educationally-Less- Developed-States (ELDS) as a criterion for the selection of candidates for admission into undergraduate programmes in Nigerian Federal Universities. A trend analysis of contemporary events shows that the Nigerian University System will continue to grow, rather haphazardly and in an unplanned manner, in leaps and bounds especially in terms of student enrollment. Without a concomitant strengthening of leadership and governance, a substantial increase in funding for teaching and learning facilities, conduct of advanced research that is locally relevant and globally competitive (including but not limited to issues of food security, lagging economic development, climate change, reduction of carbon emission, natural resources degradation, insecurity), payment of decent wages to the knowledge workers amidst the continued exodus of the best and the brightest from the country, quality and relevance of the Universities in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development might suffer. A major feature of the Public Universities (Federal- and State-owned) which currently accounts for about 95% of the total student enrollment is incessant strikes by members of the various staff unions which has led to a cumulative loss of six years and three months in the last 32 years. Funding has been implicated as the root cause of these strikes. In order to be competitive there should be synergy between the Governments as university proprietors for a moratorium on these disruptive strikes. Conscious efforts should be made to internationalise in terms of student enrollment and the recruitment of academic staff. Some of the States on the current list of ELDS, in particular Kwara and Kogi, have posted excellent results and are now in the First Quartile justifying that they ought to be taken off the list. The same applies to Nasarawa which is in the Second Quartile. On the other hand, Lagos and the Federal Capital Territory are in the Fourth Quartile and if the ELDS is to be retained both should be included in the list. The National Council on Education should take a closer look at this recommendation with a view to implementing same. To the extent that the absence of a Governing Council hampers the proper functioning of a University and is an anathema to University Autonomy, it is our considered recommendation that the National Assembly should as a matter of urgent national importance amend the Universities (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act, 2003 in Section 2A as to provide that if the Council of a Federal University is dissolved, a new Council shall be constituted not later than three months Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/9012 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z